A: The pronoun refers to the invited people and the Ayah (Qur'anic verse) means: call people to the Way of your Lord. The pronoun "them" in "argue with them" refers to those called people, whether they are Muslims or non­Muslims. The same meaning is manifested in the Saying of Allah (Exalted be He): And argue not with the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians), unless it be in (a way) that is better (with good words and in good manner, inviting them to Islâmic Monotheism with His Verses) The People of the Book are the Jews and Christians. They are Kafirs (disbelievers); therefore, it is impermissible to argue with them unless it be in a good manner, except for the oppressive people among them who should be treated in the manner they deserve.